What is data? What is sampling? Explain the importance of sampling from a managerial perspective. Provide examples.
Week 2
Order Description
What is data? What is sampling? Explain the importance of sampling from a managerial perspective. Provide examples.
Please use the following reference:
Evans, J.R (2013). Statistics, data analysis, and decision modeling (5th ed). Upper Saddle
River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
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- Application 4: Correlations Order Description Application 4: Correlations This week, you explore key statistical concepts related to data and problem solving through the completion of the following exercises using SPSS and the information found in your Statistics and Data Analysis for Nursing Research textbook. The focus of this assignment will be on correlation coefficients, tools that can help to determine the strength of the relationship between variables. Because multiple factors influence health care variables, it is important for you to understand how to calculate and interpret correlation coefficients. To prepare: Review the Statistics and Data Analysis for Nursing Research chapters that you read as a part of the Week 6 Learning Resources. As you do so, pay close attention to the examples presented—they provide information that will be useful for you to recall when completing the software exercises. You may also wish to review the Research Methods for Evidence-Based Practice video resources. Refer to the Week 6 Correlations Exercises and follow the directions to calculate correlational statistics using Polit2SetB.sav data set. Compare your data output against the tables presented in the Week 6 Correlations Exercises SPSS Output document. Formulate an initial interpretation of the meaning or implication of your calculations. To complete: Complete the Part I and Part II steps and Assignments as outlined in the Week 6 Correlations Exercises page. Save your Application in one document as a ".doc" or ".rtf" file with the filename "APP4+last name+first initial". For example, Sally Ride's assignment filename would be "APP4RideS". Please use the link below to submit your assignment. Required Resources
- Write at least two paragraphs for 1, 2 and 3 and use a reference. For number 4, simply construct a reply to the other students' post. 1. With DHL promising increased competition in the US express package (integrated carrier) industry, various stakeholders would greet this prospect quite differently. In this discussion forum, address the following: Choose one of these stakeholder groups and explain from their perspective why you oppose or support the entry of DHL in the US domestic market: Federal, state and/or local government FedEx and UPS management and employees DHL management and employees Labor unions and package shippers Use the theories of various market structures to support your postings. 2. Describe at least one example of a firm that is using dynamic pricing to increase revenue. Be as specific as possible. 3. Supply chain-related electronic auctions have been increasing in sophistication and popularity over the years. Using the Internet, briefly describe at least one firm that offers electronic supply chain-related auctions and summarize the services they offer. Also, please share their Internet address with your classmates. 4. REPLY TO: Based on your own experience or research, briefly describe at least one example of a public or private enterprise that has outsourced the management of one or more of its supply chain related activities. Include in your answer the name of the firm, the name of the third party, and a brief statement regarding the benefits claimed. In your opinion, what are the downside risks? An example from my experience where a public or private enterprise that has outscored the management of one or more of its supply chain related activities is the Department of Defense. In order to meet mission requirements the agency moves hundreds of thousands of service members annually. While the government maintains oversight of the program, it has outsourced transportation management to private industry. The government works with hundreds of transportation vendors to provide traffic services/management on a shipment by shipment basis. Industry then takes those shipments, combines them with several others, and delivers economy/competitive pricing. It would be too expensive for the government to maintain the fleet necessary to provide these services cost effectively. The benefits are that the government can work with private enterprise to achieve cost savings, while helping the economy through working with business. The downside risk of working with private enterprises is that the government is exposing itself to supply chain risk. These risks can be as simple as one vendor who has cash flow/debt issues, to port congestion problems delaying shipments from arriving on time. A good example of these risks was when the government changed the contractor for moving privately owned vehicles of service members. Many vehicles were lost and delayed sue to inexperience and poor time of contractor change (seasonal business) related to peak demand (link to article below). Chapter 15: Sourcing Decisions in a Supply Chain 1. After reviewing the last three lines of Table 15-4 in your text, as the buy-back price for each disc increases from $0 to $6 while the wholesale price is held constant at $7, what happens to profits for the music store (the retailer) and the supplier (the manufacturer)? What about overall supply chain profitability? What is the lesson to be learned from this exercise? The information presented in Table 15-4 assumes that there are no costs associated with returning the “buy-back” products to the supplier. As the transportation costs to return the goods being bought back increases, what happens to the profitability of the supply chain? Chapter 16: Pricing and Revenue Management in a Supply Chain 2. Right click and download the Pricing to Multiple Segments data to your hard drive. What happens to prices and profitability when the sensitivity for customers that are willing to wait (i.e., segment 2) increases from 40p1 to 80p1? What did you learn from this exercise? Note: Use the “Solver” capability under the ”Tools” menu (but you must set sensitivity in cell C6 to desired level before you run “Solver”). 3. Right click and download the Dynamic Pricing DataPreview the documentView in a new window to your hard drive. What happens to the quantity purchased and profitability if the price sensitivity increases to from 1.8p3 to 1.9p3 in the third period? What did you learn from this exercise? Note: Use the “Solver” capability under the ”Tools” menu (but you must set sensitivity in cell C8 to desired level before you run “Solver”).
- Article Review Order Description For this assignment, you will select a research study and write a review/critique. You should provide an overview of the research study, including how the research was conducted and a summary of the findings. Then, you should provide your thoughts on article. What were the strengths of the study? What were the limitations of the study? Attached, you will find a research study/article tracking sheet. You may find this helpful as a way to outline your ideas before writing your review/critique. Also, these are several article review/critique samples: https://www.westga.edu/~kielborn/studentexample.html https://www.sagepub.com/eic/14/Chapter14_Critique2.pdf Article 5 The Nuts and Dolts of Teacher Images in Children’s Picture Storybooks: A Content Analysis References Sandefur, S.J., Moore, L. (2004). The nuts and dolts of teacher images in children’s picture storybooks: A content analysis. Education, 125, 41-55. Sample/ Population 62 children’s books and 96 images of teachers (Titles provided) Purpose How are teachers portrayed in the narratives and images found in children’s storybooks? Hypothesis – a propensity of images painting teachers in an unflattering light may have broader consequences on cultural perceptions of teachers and schooling. Children’s storybooks are not benign. Procedure/ Methodology/Study Type Qualitative – Ethnographic content analysis Variables/Instrumentation/ Definitions Findings Research Parameters – Teacher representation based upon: appearance, language, subject, approach, and effectiveness. Absence of data also noted. Inter-rater used to validate findings. Ethnographic Content Analysis – requires a reflexive and highly interactive relationship between researcher and data with the objective of interpreting and verifying the communication of meaning (34). Apprenticeship-of Observation – images and stereotypes acquired from a person’s experience with literature and media (33). Inter-rater – Professional who works independently of other researchers to validate findings (35). • Teacher in children’s picture storybooks is overwhelmingly portrayed as a white, non-Hispanic woman. • The teacher who is sensitive, competent, and able to manage a classroom effectively is a minority. • The teacher is static, unchanging, and flat. • Teacher is polarized. • Teacher does not inspire the pursuit of critical inquiry (32 – 36). “If those images children and parents see of ‘teacher’ are generally negative, then they will create a ‘world view’ of ‘teacher’ based upon stereotype” (33). “Teachers cannot effectuate positive change in their profession unless and until they are aware of the internal and external influences that define and shape the educational institution” (37). Children’s book list is provided. Detailed report on findings with specific titles used as examples. Limitations Further Research Abstract and purpose was multifold and at times disjointed. Appeared to be strong predisposition toward finding negative stereotypes before research is completed. How are educators portrayed in more advanced literature or in other cultural media genres? Do teachers in other countries face the same stereotyping? What has been the progression over time of teacher images? Promising related references:
- Question: Q: Chapter Chapter 11 of Mertler and Vannata; answer exercises on pages 306 and 307: This exercise utilizes the SPSS data setprofile-e.sav, which can be downloaded from this Web site: www.Pvrczak.com/data Conduct a Forward: LR logistic regression analysis with the following variables: IV—age, educ, hrsl, sibs, rincom91, life2 (categorical) DV—satjob2 Note: The variable Iife2 is categorical such that dull = 1, routine/exciting = 2, and all other values are system missing. Develop a research question for the following scenario. Conduct a preliminary Linear Regression to identify outliers and evaluate multicollinearity among the five continuous variables . Complete the following: a. Using the Chi-Square table in Appendix B, identify the critical value atp< .001 for identifying outliers. Use Explore to determine if there are outliers. Which cases should be eliminated? b. Is multicollinearity a problem among the five continuous variables? Conduct Binary Logistic Regression using the Forward: LR method. IV—age, educ, hrsl, sibs, rincom91, life2 (categorical; last is the reference category) DV—satjob2 Note: Make sure that any outliers identified in Exercise 2a are removed from data before running the logistic regression. Also, designating life2 as a categorical covariate with the last category as the reference, essentially makes "routine/exciting" = 0 and "dull" = 1, so interpret the results accordingly. a. Which variables were entered into the model? b. To what degree does the model fit the data? Explain. c. Is the generated model significantly different from the constant-only model? d. How accurate is the model in predicting job satisfaction? e. What are the odds ratios for the model variables? Explain. Module 14 – Multi-level linear analyses: When do you use multi-level linear analyzes? Chapter 8 of Cronk (chapter below I wasn’t sure what was being asked) and answer all practice exercises; post your results here:
- Assignment: Brief 6: Flashy Flashers Purpose To assess your ability to apply the concepts from readings to a case situation. Action Items Read the Flashy Flashers case at the end of Chapter 16. Case Background: You are to take on the role of Kathryn Marley. You are to address your brief to the president of the company, Johnny Bennett. Download the 5-step critical-thinking decision-making matrix. Complete the questions concerning Step 1: Identify the problem(s) and uncertainties based on the assigned problem. CompleteStep 2: Obtaining Information on the matrix.Specifically, you are required to do A manual MRP explosion for the sidelamps and headlamps for the next 6 weeks (beginning with the current week). Assume that it is now the start of week 1. Fill in the planned order releases form provided in Table 16.15. It should show the planned order releases for all items for the next 6 weeks. Worksheets on the manual MRP explosion and list the actions that planners should consider this week to (1) release new orders, (2) expedite scheduled changes, and (3) delay a scheduled receipt's due date. Complete Step 3: Make predictions about the future on the matrix. Complete Step 4: Make decisions by choosing among the alternatives on the matrix. Review the Sample Business Brief and thegrading rubric for the assignment. Write aone-page analysisaccording to the Business Brief Guidelines.Complete sentences must be used (bullets not acceptable). Your analysis must be written using a concise writing style. Your brief should incorporate all of following instructions: An opening paragraph briefly introducing the case situation. Note: The first half of opening paragraph is to provide a synopsis of the company. The second half of the opening paragraph is state the problem (From Step 1 of the matrix). Analysis header – The analytical section should be based on your personal assessment of the situation. Develop your analysis by addressing the following points. The information for this section of brief should be derived from Steps 2 and 3 of the matrix. Analysis of the data derived when completing Step 2. Identification of the good and bad points of MRP implementation at Flashy Flashers. Conclusion header – This section should include your opinion based on your analysis of the case information and situation outcome. Your recommendation should address the following question and provide only key relevant information and logical discussion in support of your opinion: How can the resource planning process at Flashy Flashers be improved upon? (From Step 4 of the matrix) APA citation(s) and reference(s). Check your writing style by using theGrammarlyapp you downloaded. (See instructions under Week 1 Preparation.) Correct your business brief as needed. Submit your business brief toturnitin.com. Read the Originality Report you receive from turnitin.com and make any modifications as needed to your business brief. This may include adding proper citations or better paraphrasing. Attach the appendices to your paper: Appendix A containing the data information from Step 2. Appendix B containing the completed decision-making matrix. Appendix C containing the grading rubric for the assignment.
